Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical evaluation of anticorrosion property of a tetrapolymer for carbon steel in strong acid media

A novel tetrapolymer (TP) consisting of carboxylate, sulphonate, phosphonate and sulfur dioxide based co-monomers was synthesized using Butler cyclopoymerization technique. The synthesized tetrapolymer was characterized using FTIR, ¹ H-NMR, ¹³ C NMR and elemental analysis. The performance of the tetrapolymer as a corrosion inhibitor for St37 carbon steel in 15% HCl and 15% H ₂ SO ₄ acid media was assessed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear polarization resistance (LPR), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques. The influence of addition of a small amount of KI on the corrosion inhibition efficiency of TP was also assessed. Results obtained showed that the tetrapolymer moderately inhibited the corrosion of St37 steel in the acid media with protection efficiency of 79.5% and 61.1% at the optimum concentration of 1000 mg·L ^{− 1} studied in HCl and H ₂ SO ₄ media respectively. On addition of 5 mmol·L ⁻¹ KI to the optimum tetrapolymer concentration, the protection efficiency was upgraded to 90.6% and 93.5% in HCl and H ₂ SO ₄ environment, respectively. The enhanced performance of the polymer in the presence of KI is due to synergistic action deduced from synergism parameter (S ₁ ) which was found to be greater than unity. The tetrapolymer afforded the corrosion inhibition of St37 steel in the acid media by virtue of adsorption of the polymer molecules on the steel surface which was confirmed by ATR-FTIR analysis of the adsorbed film extracted from the steel surface. TP + KI formed complex with St37 steel surface in H ₂ SO ₄ solution but not in HCl solution.