Sustainable Secure Communication in Consumer-Centric Electric Vehicle Charging in Industry 5.0 Environments

Industry 5.0, a revolutionary paradigm focused on intelligent manufacturing, has profoundly impacted the automotive industry. It offers reliable data transmission and enhances the security of vehicle network systems, meeting evolving consumer needs. With a growing emphasis on energy conservation and environmental protection, electric vehicles have become a prominent segment of clean energy vehicles. Ensuring convenient and secure charging services is crucial for their widespread adoption. To address this, we propose an authentication protocol that uses digital signatures for secure communication in consumer-centric electric vehicle charging in Industry 5.0 environments. The protocol's security was rigorously validated through a comprehensive analysis employing the real-or-random model. Furthermore, a systematic assessment was carried out to gauge the protocol's computational performance, communication efficiency, and energy expenditure, yielding highly favorable outcomes. The optimization of the communication protocol was instrumental in enhancing data transmission efficiency and reliability, thereby contributing to an improved user experience during the charging process. Simultaneously, the reduction in energy costs underscores the exceptional sustainability of our protocol. Consequently, our protocol guarantees secure charging and exhibits enhanced adaptability and sustainability.