TY - JOUR
T1 - Lens capsule advanced glycation end products induce senescence in epithelial cells
T2 - Implications for secondary cataracts
AU - Cooksley, Grace
AU - Nam, Mi Hyun
AU - Nahomi, Rooban B.
AU - Rankenberg, Johanna
AU - Smith, Andrew J.O.
AU - Wormstone, Yvette M.
AU - Wormstone, I. Michael
AU - Nagaraj, Ram H.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s). Aging Cell published by Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2024/10
Y1 - 2024/10
N2 - Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common complication after cataract surgery. Residual lens epithelial cells (LECs) on the anterior lens capsule, after cataract surgery, migrate to the posterior lens capsule and undergo transdifferentiation into myofibroblast-like cells. Those cells synthesize excessive amounts of extracellular matrix and contribute to fibrosis during PCO. Cellular senescence, a phenomenon that increases with aging, has been implicated in several fibrotic diseases. Here, we have investigated the prevalence of senescent LECs within the lens posterior capsule and the ability of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in lens capsules to induce senescence, contributing to PCO. Aged lens capsules from pseudophakic human cadaver eyes showed the presence of senescent LECs. In human capsular bags, LECs showed an age-dependent increase in senescence after 28 days of culture. Human LECs cultured on aged lens capsules for 3 days underwent senescence; this effect was not seen in LECs cultured on young lens capsules. Human LECs cultured on an AGE-modified extracellular matrix (ECM-AGEs) showed an AGE-concentration-dependent increase in the expression of senescence markers and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Treatment with a RAGE antagonist and ROS inhibitor reduced the expression of senescence and fibrotic markers. Additionally, conditioned media from ECM-AGEs-treated cells induced the expression of fibrotic markers in naïve LECs. Together, these suggest that AGEs in the capsule induce senescence of LECs, which triggers the mesenchymal transition of neighboring non-senescent LECs and contributes to PCO.
AB - Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common complication after cataract surgery. Residual lens epithelial cells (LECs) on the anterior lens capsule, after cataract surgery, migrate to the posterior lens capsule and undergo transdifferentiation into myofibroblast-like cells. Those cells synthesize excessive amounts of extracellular matrix and contribute to fibrosis during PCO. Cellular senescence, a phenomenon that increases with aging, has been implicated in several fibrotic diseases. Here, we have investigated the prevalence of senescent LECs within the lens posterior capsule and the ability of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in lens capsules to induce senescence, contributing to PCO. Aged lens capsules from pseudophakic human cadaver eyes showed the presence of senescent LECs. In human capsular bags, LECs showed an age-dependent increase in senescence after 28 days of culture. Human LECs cultured on aged lens capsules for 3 days underwent senescence; this effect was not seen in LECs cultured on young lens capsules. Human LECs cultured on an AGE-modified extracellular matrix (ECM-AGEs) showed an AGE-concentration-dependent increase in the expression of senescence markers and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Treatment with a RAGE antagonist and ROS inhibitor reduced the expression of senescence and fibrotic markers. Additionally, conditioned media from ECM-AGEs-treated cells induced the expression of fibrotic markers in naïve LECs. Together, these suggest that AGEs in the capsule induce senescence of LECs, which triggers the mesenchymal transition of neighboring non-senescent LECs and contributes to PCO.
KW - advanced glycation end products
KW - epithelial-mesenchymal transition
KW - lens epithelial cells
KW - posterior capsule opacification
KW - senescence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85196636425&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/acel.14249
DO - 10.1111/acel.14249
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85196636425
SN - 1474-9718
VL - 23
JO - Aging Cell
JF - Aging Cell
IS - 10
M1 - e14249
ER -