High wintertime particulate matter pollution over an offshore island (Kinmen) off southeastern China: an overview

S. C. Hsu; S. C. Liu; F. Tsai; G. Engling; I. I. Lin; C. K. C. Chou; S. J. Kao; S. C. C. Lung; C. Y. Chan; S. C. Lin; J. C. Huang; K. H. Chi; W. N. Chen; F. J. Lin; C. H. Huang; C. L. Kuo; T. C. Wu; Y. T. Huang

doi:10.1029/2009JD013641

High wintertime particulate matter pollution over an offshore island (Kinmen) off southeastern China: an overview

S. C. Hsu, S. C. Liu, F. Tsai, G. Engling, I. I. Lin, C. K. C. Chou, S. J. Kao, S. C. C. Lung, C. Y. Chan, S. C. Lin, J. C. Huang, K. H. Chi, W. N. Chen, F. J. Lin, C. H. Huang, C. L. Kuo, T. C. Wu, Y. T. Huang

Faculty of Science and Engineering

Research output: Journal Publication › Article › peer-review

74 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Both the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the Pearl River Delta (PRD), the two most rapidly developing areas in eastern China, have suffered from serious air pollution, and thus, numerous investigations were devoted to studying these problems. Other areas in eastern China have received less attention despite similar rapid development in their industries and economy. In this study, we analyzed air‐quality data from Kinmen Island (24°27′26′′N, 118°19′36′′E) located off Fujian Province and between the two above‐mentioned deltas. Our results clearly show that the study area is experiencing serious air quality deterioration. Particularly, high levels of suspended particulate matter (PM) were observed during winter, when the northeasterly monsoon prevails. For example, concentrations of wintertime PM10 (particles ≤ 10 mm in diameter) frequently exceeded 100 mg/m3 in the last three years. In addition to the air‐quality data analysis, aerosol samples were collected between 22 November 2007 and 6 March 2008 and subjected to chemical analyses of various species. Our findings show that the three principal PM components include organic, mineral, and sulfate species with moderate to minor fractions of nitrate, sea salt, elemental carbon, and trace metal oxides. The high PM levels observed over the island may be partly attributed to the transport from a mixed‐type industrial area located ∼40 km northeast of Kinmen. Our study could partially fill the air quality data gap between the YRD and PRD regions, and highlight the alarming fact that air pollution has gradually expanded along eastern China’s coastal zone.

Original language	English
Journal	Journal of Geophysical Research
Volume	115
Issue number	D17
Early online date	15 Sept 2010
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD013641
Publication status	Published - 16 Sept 2010

Keywords

Air pollution
Particulate matter

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Hsu, S. C., Liu, S. C., Tsai, F., Engling, G., Lin, I. I., Chou, C. K. C., Kao, S. J., Lung, S. C. C., Chan, C. Y., Lin, S. C., Huang, J. C., Chi, K. H., Chen, W. N., Lin, F. J., Huang, C. H., Kuo, C. L., Wu, T. C., & Huang, Y. T. (2010). High wintertime particulate matter pollution over an offshore island (Kinmen) off southeastern China: an overview. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115(D17). https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD013641

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title = "High wintertime particulate matter pollution over an offshore island (Kinmen) off southeastern China: an overview",

abstract = "Both the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the Pearl River Delta (PRD), the two most rapidly developing areas in eastern China, have suffered from serious air pollution, and thus, numerous investigations were devoted to studying these problems. Other areas in eastern China have received less attention despite similar rapid development in their industries and economy. In this study, we analyzed air‐quality data from Kinmen Island (24°27′26′′N, 118°19′36′′E) located off Fujian Province and between the two above‐mentioned deltas. Our results clearly show that the study area is experiencing serious air quality deterioration. Particularly, high levels of suspended particulate matter (PM) were observed during winter, when the northeasterly monsoon prevails. For example, concentrations of wintertime PM10 (particles ≤ 10 mm in diameter) frequently exceeded 100 mg/m3 in the last three years. In addition to the air‐quality data analysis, aerosol samples were collected between 22 November 2007 and 6 March 2008 and subjected to chemical analyses of various species. Our findings show that the three principal PM components include organic, mineral, and sulfate species with moderate to minor fractions of nitrate, sea salt, elemental carbon, and trace metal oxides. The high PM levels observed over the island may be partly attributed to the transport from a mixed‐type industrial area located ∼40 km northeast of Kinmen. Our study could partially fill the air quality data gap between the YRD and PRD regions, and highlight the alarming fact that air pollution has gradually expanded along eastern China{\textquoteright}s coastal zone.",

keywords = "Air pollution, Particulate matter, Air pollution, Particulate matter",

author = "Hsu, {S. C.} and Liu, {S. C.} and F. Tsai and G. Engling and Lin, {I. I.} and Chou, {C. K. C.} and Kao, {S. J.} and Lung, {S. C. C.} and Chan, {C. Y.} and Lin, {S. C.} and Huang, {J. C.} and Chi, {K. H.} and Chen, {W. N.} and Lin, {F. J.} and Huang, {C. H.} and Kuo, {C. L.} and Wu, {T. C.} and Huang, {Y. T.}",

note = "Note: Copyright(2010) American Geophysical Union.",

year = "2010",

month = sep,

day = "16",

doi = "10.1029/2009JD013641",

language = "English",

volume = "115",

journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research",

issn = "0148-0227",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

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Hsu, SC, Liu, SC, Tsai, F, Engling, G, Lin, II, Chou, CKC, Kao, SJ, Lung, SCC, Chan, CY, Lin, SC, Huang, JC, Chi, KH, Chen, WN, Lin, FJ, Huang, CH, Kuo, CL, Wu, TC & Huang, YT 2010, 'High wintertime particulate matter pollution over an offshore island (Kinmen) off southeastern China: an overview', Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 115, no. D17. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD013641

TY - JOUR

T1 - High wintertime particulate matter pollution over an offshore island (Kinmen) off southeastern China: an overview

AU - Hsu, S. C.

AU - Liu, S. C.

AU - Tsai, F.

AU - Engling, G.

AU - Lin, I. I.

AU - Chou, C. K. C.

AU - Kao, S. J.

AU - Lung, S. C. C.

AU - Chan, C. Y.

AU - Lin, S. C.

AU - Huang, J. C.

AU - Chi, K. H.

AU - Chen, W. N.

AU - Lin, F. J.

AU - Huang, C. H.

AU - Kuo, C. L.

AU - Wu, T. C.

AU - Huang, Y. T.

PY - 2010/9/16

Y1 - 2010/9/16

N2 - Both the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the Pearl River Delta (PRD), the two most rapidly developing areas in eastern China, have suffered from serious air pollution, and thus, numerous investigations were devoted to studying these problems. Other areas in eastern China have received less attention despite similar rapid development in their industries and economy. In this study, we analyzed air‐quality data from Kinmen Island (24°27′26′′N, 118°19′36′′E) located off Fujian Province and between the two above‐mentioned deltas. Our results clearly show that the study area is experiencing serious air quality deterioration. Particularly, high levels of suspended particulate matter (PM) were observed during winter, when the northeasterly monsoon prevails. For example, concentrations of wintertime PM10 (particles ≤ 10 mm in diameter) frequently exceeded 100 mg/m3 in the last three years. In addition to the air‐quality data analysis, aerosol samples were collected between 22 November 2007 and 6 March 2008 and subjected to chemical analyses of various species. Our findings show that the three principal PM components include organic, mineral, and sulfate species with moderate to minor fractions of nitrate, sea salt, elemental carbon, and trace metal oxides. The high PM levels observed over the island may be partly attributed to the transport from a mixed‐type industrial area located ∼40 km northeast of Kinmen. Our study could partially fill the air quality data gap between the YRD and PRD regions, and highlight the alarming fact that air pollution has gradually expanded along eastern China’s coastal zone.

AB - Both the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the Pearl River Delta (PRD), the two most rapidly developing areas in eastern China, have suffered from serious air pollution, and thus, numerous investigations were devoted to studying these problems. Other areas in eastern China have received less attention despite similar rapid development in their industries and economy. In this study, we analyzed air‐quality data from Kinmen Island (24°27′26′′N, 118°19′36′′E) located off Fujian Province and between the two above‐mentioned deltas. Our results clearly show that the study area is experiencing serious air quality deterioration. Particularly, high levels of suspended particulate matter (PM) were observed during winter, when the northeasterly monsoon prevails. For example, concentrations of wintertime PM10 (particles ≤ 10 mm in diameter) frequently exceeded 100 mg/m3 in the last three years. In addition to the air‐quality data analysis, aerosol samples were collected between 22 November 2007 and 6 March 2008 and subjected to chemical analyses of various species. Our findings show that the three principal PM components include organic, mineral, and sulfate species with moderate to minor fractions of nitrate, sea salt, elemental carbon, and trace metal oxides. The high PM levels observed over the island may be partly attributed to the transport from a mixed‐type industrial area located ∼40 km northeast of Kinmen. Our study could partially fill the air quality data gap between the YRD and PRD regions, and highlight the alarming fact that air pollution has gradually expanded along eastern China’s coastal zone.

KW - Air pollution

KW - Particulate matter

KW - Air pollution

KW - Particulate matter

U2 - 10.1029/2009JD013641

DO - 10.1029/2009JD013641

M3 - Article

SN - 0148-0227

VL - 115

JO - Journal of Geophysical Research

JF - Journal of Geophysical Research

IS - D17

ER -

High wintertime particulate matter pollution over an offshore island (Kinmen) off southeastern China: an overview

Abstract

Keywords

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