Demand-Oriented Review of a Dynamic Energy-Loss Monitoring System for Primary School Buildings through Micro-Environmental Data Monitoring and Occupant Behavior Analysis

The utilization of primary school buildings is multifaceted, primarily due to the high occupancy density, varying thermal preferences among occupants, diverse indoor activities (such as walking, sports, and conversation), and a constant flow of individuals entering and exiting the building. This results in the frequent opening and closing of external windows and doors and fluctuations in internal heat gain. Consequently, frequent interactions between the indoor and outdoor microenvironments lead to energy losses. This study conducts a comprehensive literature review on building energy loss stemming from occupant behavior and the interactions between indoor and outdoor microenvironments. Furthermore, it proposes a dynamic real-time monitoring system based on a foundation of computer data capture and a visualization platform for building energy loss. The research methods include data crawling, data association rule mining, and data association analysis. The research findings yield a universally applicable and informative building energy-saving design system based on extensive data analysis. Additionally, the system presents information on occupants’ behavior and the microclimate data of indoor and outdoor environments on a computer screen, facilitating human–machine communication and enabling timely adjustments to be made, thus facilitating the construction of design strategies for new buildings and operation and maintenance strategies for existing buildings.