Blockchains for SMEs: A Fit-Viability perspective moderated by organizational innovation diffusion for supply chain performance

This paper empirically examines the suitability of blockchain for improving supply chain performance in small-medium enterprises through the theoretical lens of the fit-viability model against the impact of organisation innovation diffusion level Data gathered from 206 respondents are analysed using partial least square-structured equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and artificial neural network (ANN). The findings of this study show empirically that enhanced supply chain connectivity, information sharing, and supply chain visibility are fit for enhancing supply chain performance. Economics, management support, and technology infrastructure are important for blockchain viability. Further, an organisation's innovation diffusion level affects the fitness of blockchain for supply chain performance but not viability. The transformational effects of blockchain are mainly centred on its security and trust-enhancing features. However, its deployment continues to be marred by technical complexities and often, scenarios that seem opportune may be a poor fit. This study is among the few that consider the impact of blockchain on supply chain performance through a fit-viability lens against the effect of organisation innovation diffusion level.