流态化的往昔寻觅及未来启示

Since its inception in 1921, the fluidization science and technology has gone through rapid and successful developments. The first half century has not only seen many new fluidization processes developed in the industry, but also many theoretical and fundamental studies which served as solid building blocks for the advancements. The early theoretical research on fluidization was first represented by Lewis and Elgin of the "American School", who adopted a "general" research approach based on uniformly suspended single particle flow. Then, the two-phase theory was proposed by Toomey, Rowe and Davidson of the "British School", who adopted a "regional" research approach based on dividing and examining different phases to characterize the aggregative nature of fluidization. In addition, Wilhelm and Kwauk proposed the classification of particulate and aggregative fluidization, Ergun and Richardson-Zaki put forward the several basic equations of fluidization for minimum fluidization velocity, bed pressure drop and bed expansion. These results are the cornerstone of fluidization research. The development of early theories are still of great significance that continue to influence the current research strategies and directions, and provide the basis for enhancing multiphase flow reaction processes, for the economic and social developments, and for achieving the strategic objectives of energy conservation, emission reduction and carbon neutralization.