Valorization of tree leaves waste using microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization process

Agriculture & Biology

• hydrothermal carbonization 100%
• microwave radiation 61%
• leaves 27%
• hydrochars 25%
• kinetics 10%
• thermal degradation 9%
• activation energy 8%
• physicochemical properties 6%
• pretreatment 5%
• biomass 4%
• methodology 4%
• sampling 2%

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• valorization 76%
• microwave 53%
• kinetics 15%
• physicochemical property 13%
• activation energy 12%
• energy consumption 11%
• degradation 8%
• biomass 7%
• method 5%
• analysis 3%

Engineering & Materials Science

• Carbonization 82%
• Microwaves 55%
• Physicochemical properties 10%
• Activation energy 8%
• Pyrolysis 7%
• Biomass 7%
• Energy utilization 5%