Thermodynamic analysis of steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen production at atmospheric pressure

Thermodynamic chemical equilibrium analysis of steam reforming of glycerol (SRG) for selective hydrogen production was performed based on the Gibbs free energy minimisation method. The ideal SRG reaction (C₃H₈O₃+ 3H₂O → 3CO₂+7H₂) and a comprehensive set of side reactions during SRG are considered for the formation of a wide range of products. Specifically, this work focused on the analysis of formation of CO₂, CO and CH₄ in the gas phase and determination of the carbon free region in SRG under the conditions at atmospheric pressure, 600 K–1100 K and 1.013 × 10⁵–1.013 × 10⁶ Pa with the steam-to-glycerol feed ratios (SGFR) of 1:5–10. The reaction conditions which favoured SRG for H₂ production with minimum coke formation were identifies as: atmospheric pressure, temperatures of 900 K–1050 K and SGFR of 10:1. The influence of using the inert carrier gas (i.e., N₂) in SRG was studied as well at atmospheric pressure. Although the presence of N₂ in the stream decreased the partial pressure of reactants, it was beneficial to improve the equilibrium yield of H₂. Under both conditions of SRG (with/without inert gas), the CH₄ production is minimised, and carbon formation was thermodynamically unfavoured at steam rich conditions of SGFR > 5:1.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].