Stable large area drop-on-demand deposition of a conductive polymer ink for 3D-printed electronics, enabled by bio-renewable co-solvents

Geoffrey Rivers; Jonathan S. Austin; Yinfeng He; Adam Thompson; Negar Gilani; Nathan Roberts; Peng Zhao; Christopher J. Tuck; Richard J.M. Hague; Ricky D. Wildman; Lyudmila Turyanska

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2023.103452

Stable large area drop-on-demand deposition of a conductive polymer ink for 3D-printed electronics, enabled by bio-renewable co-solvents

Geoffrey Rivers^*
, Jonathan S. Austin
, Yinfeng He
, Adam Thompson
, Negar Gilani
, Nathan Roberts
, Peng Zhao
, Christopher J. Tuck
, Richard J.M. Hague
, Ricky D. Wildman
, Lyudmila Turyanska

^*Corresponding author for this work

Advanced Mechanical and Manufacturing Research Centre

Research output: Journal Publication › Article › peer-review

28 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Development of conductive polymer ink formulations with reliable jetting stability and physical properties could offer sustainable routes for scaling-up the 3D-printing of electronics. We report a new poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulphonate (PEDOT:PSS) ink formulation, Ink_CG, using bio-renewable solvents dihydrolevoglucosenone (cyrene) and glycerol carbonate (GC) as an alternative to commonly used dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). These green organic co-solvents enhance jetting reliability and long-term stability of the ink and improve electrical properties of the deposited PEDOT:PSS layers, compared to the commonly used DMSO-containing ink formulations. We achieve large-area and high-fidelity electronic devices (array of 140 devices) with reproducible electrical performance through inkjet-based 3D printing. Enhanced performance stability is observed under cyclic bending, thermal annealing, UV or IR exposure, offering exciting opportunities for sustainable deposition of PEDOT:PSS for large-area 3D printing and its exploitation in heterostructures and flexible electronics.

Original language	English
Article number	103452
Journal	Additive Manufacturing
Volume	66
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2023.103452
Publication status	Published - 25 Mar 2023

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy
SDG 9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

Free Keywords

Conductive polymers
Heterostructures
Inkjet printing
Large scale array
PEDOT:PSS

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biomedical Engineering
General Materials Science
Engineering (miscellaneous)
Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Access to Document

10.1016/j.addma.2023.103452

Cite this

Rivers, G., Austin, J. S., He, Y., Thompson, A., Gilani, N., Roberts, N., Zhao, P., Tuck, C. J., Hague, R. J. M., Wildman, R. D., & Turyanska, L. (2023). Stable large area drop-on-demand deposition of a conductive polymer ink for 3D-printed electronics, enabled by bio-renewable co-solvents. Additive Manufacturing, 66, Article 103452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2023.103452

@article{ec3613822bb84c1aa75a12505564f484,

title = "Stable large area drop-on-demand deposition of a conductive polymer ink for 3D-printed electronics, enabled by bio-renewable co-solvents",

abstract = "Development of conductive polymer ink formulations with reliable jetting stability and physical properties could offer sustainable routes for scaling-up the 3D-printing of electronics. We report a new poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulphonate (PEDOT:PSS) ink formulation, InkCG, using bio-renewable solvents dihydrolevoglucosenone (cyrene) and glycerol carbonate (GC) as an alternative to commonly used dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). These green organic co-solvents enhance jetting reliability and long-term stability of the ink and improve electrical properties of the deposited PEDOT:PSS layers, compared to the commonly used DMSO-containing ink formulations. We achieve large-area and high-fidelity electronic devices (array of 140 devices) with reproducible electrical performance through inkjet-based 3D printing. Enhanced performance stability is observed under cyclic bending, thermal annealing, UV or IR exposure, offering exciting opportunities for sustainable deposition of PEDOT:PSS for large-area 3D printing and its exploitation in heterostructures and flexible electronics.",

keywords = "Conductive polymers, Heterostructures, Inkjet printing, Large scale array, PEDOT:PSS",

author = "Geoffrey Rivers and Austin, \{Jonathan S.\} and Yinfeng He and Adam Thompson and Negar Gilani and Nathan Roberts and Peng Zhao and Tuck, \{Christopher J.\} and Hague, \{Richard J.M.\} and Wildman, \{Ricky D.\} and Lyudmila Turyanska",

note = "Funding Information: This work is supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council award “Enabling Next Generation Additive Manufacturing” [grant number EP/P031684/1]. AT and NR would also like to thank the UKRI Research England Development (RED) Fund via the Midlands Centre for Data-Driven Metrology. The authors thank Dr Michael W. Fay, Dr Christopher Parmenter, and the Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC) for electron microscopy studies, supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [under grant EP/L022494/1] and the University of Nottingham. The authors thank NSERP undergraduate research assistant Noof Al Lawati for contributions to optical characterisation. Funding Information: This work is supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council award “Enabling Next Generation Additive Manufacturing” [grant number EP/P031684/1 ]. AT and NR would also like to thank the UKRI Research England Development ( RED ) Fund via the Midlands Centre for Data-Driven Metrology. The authors thank Dr Michael W. Fay, Dr Christopher Parmenter, and the Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC) for electron microscopy studies, supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [under grant EP/L022494/1] and the University of Nottingham. The authors thank NSERP undergraduate research assistant Noof Al Lawati for contributions to optical characterisation. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors",

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doi = "10.1016/j.addma.2023.103452",

language = "English",

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AU - Rivers, Geoffrey

AU - Austin, Jonathan S.

AU - He, Yinfeng

AU - Thompson, Adam

AU - Gilani, Negar

AU - Roberts, Nathan

AU - Zhao, Peng

AU - Tuck, Christopher J.

AU - Hague, Richard J.M.

AU - Wildman, Ricky D.

AU - Turyanska, Lyudmila

N1 - Funding Information: This work is supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council award “Enabling Next Generation Additive Manufacturing” [grant number EP/P031684/1]. AT and NR would also like to thank the UKRI Research England Development (RED) Fund via the Midlands Centre for Data-Driven Metrology. The authors thank Dr Michael W. Fay, Dr Christopher Parmenter, and the Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC) for electron microscopy studies, supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [under grant EP/L022494/1] and the University of Nottingham. The authors thank NSERP undergraduate research assistant Noof Al Lawati for contributions to optical characterisation. Funding Information: This work is supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council award “Enabling Next Generation Additive Manufacturing” [grant number EP/P031684/1 ]. AT and NR would also like to thank the UKRI Research England Development ( RED ) Fund via the Midlands Centre for Data-Driven Metrology. The authors thank Dr Michael W. Fay, Dr Christopher Parmenter, and the Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC) for electron microscopy studies, supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [under grant EP/L022494/1] and the University of Nottingham. The authors thank NSERP undergraduate research assistant Noof Al Lawati for contributions to optical characterisation. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors

PY - 2023/3/25

Y1 - 2023/3/25

N2 - Development of conductive polymer ink formulations with reliable jetting stability and physical properties could offer sustainable routes for scaling-up the 3D-printing of electronics. We report a new poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulphonate (PEDOT:PSS) ink formulation, InkCG, using bio-renewable solvents dihydrolevoglucosenone (cyrene) and glycerol carbonate (GC) as an alternative to commonly used dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). These green organic co-solvents enhance jetting reliability and long-term stability of the ink and improve electrical properties of the deposited PEDOT:PSS layers, compared to the commonly used DMSO-containing ink formulations. We achieve large-area and high-fidelity electronic devices (array of 140 devices) with reproducible electrical performance through inkjet-based 3D printing. Enhanced performance stability is observed under cyclic bending, thermal annealing, UV or IR exposure, offering exciting opportunities for sustainable deposition of PEDOT:PSS for large-area 3D printing and its exploitation in heterostructures and flexible electronics.

AB - Development of conductive polymer ink formulations with reliable jetting stability and physical properties could offer sustainable routes for scaling-up the 3D-printing of electronics. We report a new poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulphonate (PEDOT:PSS) ink formulation, InkCG, using bio-renewable solvents dihydrolevoglucosenone (cyrene) and glycerol carbonate (GC) as an alternative to commonly used dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). These green organic co-solvents enhance jetting reliability and long-term stability of the ink and improve electrical properties of the deposited PEDOT:PSS layers, compared to the commonly used DMSO-containing ink formulations. We achieve large-area and high-fidelity electronic devices (array of 140 devices) with reproducible electrical performance through inkjet-based 3D printing. Enhanced performance stability is observed under cyclic bending, thermal annealing, UV or IR exposure, offering exciting opportunities for sustainable deposition of PEDOT:PSS for large-area 3D printing and its exploitation in heterostructures and flexible electronics.

KW - Conductive polymers

KW - Heterostructures

KW - Inkjet printing

KW - Large scale array

KW - PEDOT:PSS

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85148540096

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DO - 10.1016/j.addma.2023.103452

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85148540096

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VL - 66

JO - Additive Manufacturing

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ER -

Stable large area drop-on-demand deposition of a conductive polymer ink for 3D-printed electronics, enabled by bio-renewable co-solvents

Abstract

UN SDGs

Free Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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