Practical Hardware Conditions-Aware Resource Allocations for RIS-Empowered Anti-Jamming IoT Networks

We investigate the problem of maximizing anti-jamming sum throughput in an RIS-assisted Internet of Things (IoT) network. The network’s operation is divided into two stages: 1) IoT terminals first harvest energy from the wireless energy station (WES) and 2) they then transmit their information to the information receiver (IR) using a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) protocol. We consider three different design scenarios: 1) ideal hardware; 2) phase shift error (PSE); and 3) a combination of both PSE and transceiver hardware impairments (THIs). To address the nonconvexities of these designs, we employ novel techniques, such as the Lagrangian dual method, Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions, quadratic transformation (QT), element-wise block coordinate descent (EBCD), complex circle manifold (CCM), and 1-D search to obtain the optimal solutions. Numerical results are provided to illustrate that the proposed approaches outperform existing benchmarks.