Fabricating and applications of vanadium doped molybdenum ferrites NPs/S-g-C₃N₄ composites for photocatalytic degradation of dyes

This investigation looks at the way sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride (S-g-C₃N₄) and vanadium-doped iron molybdate (V-MoFe₂O₄) nanocomposites are prepared and tested for their effect on environmental protection. To produce S-g-C₃N₄, a solvothermal method was used and V-MoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were made using a hydrothermal approach by doping vanadium at differing amounts (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mol%). The methylene blue (MB) dye was tested under sunlight to evaluate photocatalytic activity. V-MoFe₂O₄ with an 8 mol% amount of V achieved the maximum degradation efficiency in all the samples. Nanocomposites with certain contents of S-g-C₃N₄ (including 10 %, 50 %, 70 % and 90 %) and 8 % of V-MoFe₂O₄ formulations were made to increase activity. The S-g-C₃N₄/V-MoFe₂O₄ composite (90 % S-g-C₃N₄ + 8 % V-MoFe₂O₄) did the best job of removing dyes in a little over two hours. Through X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV–visible spectroscopy, we showed that the nanocomposites formed correctly and had good structural features. According to these findings, the S-g-C₃N₄/V-MoFe₂O₄ combination could be a good choice for treating wastewater using solar power.