Comparative study of MIL-53(Al) metal–organic framework synthesized via solvothermal and mechanochemical routes

Godwin A. Udourioh; Wisdom Nnamdi Ukogu; Daniel Agbaghare; Chizoma N. Adewumi; Moses M. Solomon; Alexander I. Ikeuba

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139475

Comparative study of MIL-53(Al) metal–organic framework synthesized via solvothermal and mechanochemical routes

Godwin A. Udourioh
, Wisdom Nnamdi Ukogu
, Daniel Agbaghare
, Chizoma N. Adewumi
, Moses M. Solomon^*
, Alexander I. Ikeuba

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publication › Article › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

This study compares solvothermal (ST) and mechanochemical (MC) synthesis of MIL-53(Al). ST used Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O and H₂BDC in DMF (200 °C, 24 h), while MC employed ball-milling of Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O and H₂BDC with NaCl (30 Hz, 1 h). Both yielded phase MIL-53(Al) confirmed by XRD and FTIR. ST produced larger crystals with superior crystallinity and thermal stability. MC offered a faster, solvent-minimized route yielding 100 % Al-pure material (by EDX), ideal for purity-sensitive applications like drug delivery. MC is a viable green alternative despite marginally reduced crystallinity.

Original language	English
Article number	139475
Journal	Materials Letters
Volume	403
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139475
Publication status	Published - 15 Jan 2026

Free Keywords

Mechanochemical synthesis
Mechanochemistry
Metal–organic frameworks
MIL-53(Al)
Solvothermal synthesis
X-ray diffraction

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Mechanics of Materials
Mechanical Engineering

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10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139475

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title = "Comparative study of MIL-53(Al) metal–organic framework synthesized via solvothermal and mechanochemical routes",

abstract = "This study compares solvothermal (ST) and mechanochemical (MC) synthesis of MIL-53(Al). ST used Al(NO3)3·9H2O and H2BDC in DMF (200 °C, 24 h), while MC employed ball-milling of Al(NO3)3·9H2O and H2BDC with NaCl (30 Hz, 1 h). Both yielded phase MIL-53(Al) confirmed by XRD and FTIR. ST produced larger crystals with superior crystallinity and thermal stability. MC offered a faster, solvent-minimized route yielding 100 \% Al-pure material (by EDX), ideal for purity-sensitive applications like drug delivery. MC is a viable green alternative despite marginally reduced crystallinity.",

keywords = "Mechanochemical synthesis, Mechanochemistry, Metal–organic frameworks, MIL-53(Al), Solvothermal synthesis, X-ray diffraction",

author = "Udourioh, \{Godwin A.\} and Ukogu, \{Wisdom Nnamdi\} and Daniel Agbaghare and Adewumi, \{Chizoma N.\} and Solomon, \{Moses M.\} and Ikeuba, \{Alexander I.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2026",

month = jan,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139475",

language = "English",

volume = "403",

journal = "Materials Letters",

issn = "0167-577X",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Comparative study of MIL-53(Al) metal–organic framework synthesized via solvothermal and mechanochemical routes

AU - Udourioh, Godwin A.

AU - Ukogu, Wisdom Nnamdi

AU - Agbaghare, Daniel

AU - Adewumi, Chizoma N.

AU - Solomon, Moses M.

AU - Ikeuba, Alexander I.

PY - 2026/1/15

Y1 - 2026/1/15

N2 - This study compares solvothermal (ST) and mechanochemical (MC) synthesis of MIL-53(Al). ST used Al(NO3)3·9H2O and H2BDC in DMF (200 °C, 24 h), while MC employed ball-milling of Al(NO3)3·9H2O and H2BDC with NaCl (30 Hz, 1 h). Both yielded phase MIL-53(Al) confirmed by XRD and FTIR. ST produced larger crystals with superior crystallinity and thermal stability. MC offered a faster, solvent-minimized route yielding 100 % Al-pure material (by EDX), ideal for purity-sensitive applications like drug delivery. MC is a viable green alternative despite marginally reduced crystallinity.

AB - This study compares solvothermal (ST) and mechanochemical (MC) synthesis of MIL-53(Al). ST used Al(NO3)3·9H2O and H2BDC in DMF (200 °C, 24 h), while MC employed ball-milling of Al(NO3)3·9H2O and H2BDC with NaCl (30 Hz, 1 h). Both yielded phase MIL-53(Al) confirmed by XRD and FTIR. ST produced larger crystals with superior crystallinity and thermal stability. MC offered a faster, solvent-minimized route yielding 100 % Al-pure material (by EDX), ideal for purity-sensitive applications like drug delivery. MC is a viable green alternative despite marginally reduced crystallinity.

KW - Mechanochemical synthesis

KW - Mechanochemistry

KW - Metal–organic frameworks

KW - MIL-53(Al)

KW - Solvothermal synthesis

KW - X-ray diffraction

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105015140998

U2 - 10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139475

DO - 10.1016/j.matlet.2025.139475

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105015140998

SN - 0167-577X

VL - 403

JO - Materials Letters

JF - Materials Letters

M1 - 139475

ER -

Comparative study of MIL-53(Al) metal–organic framework synthesized via solvothermal and mechanochemical routes

Abstract

Free Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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