An Enhanced Endwinding Cooling Configuration Using Heat Pipes for An EVTOL Propulsion Motor

Han Zhao; Dalin Du; Xiang Zhang; Xiaochen Zhang; Jing Li; Kaihao Liu; Wei Zhang; He Zhang

doi:10.1109/CIEEC64805.2025.11116341

An Enhanced Endwinding Cooling Configuration Using Heat Pipes for An EVTOL Propulsion Motor

Han Zhao^*
, Dalin Du
, Xiang Zhang
, Xiaochen Zhang
, Jing Li
, Kaihao Liu
, Wei Zhang
, He Zhang

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

This article presents a propulsion motor featuring an enhanced end-winding cooling configuration using heat pipes (HPs) for electric Vertical Take-off and Landing (eVTOL) propulsion applications. HPs are employed to facilitate efficient heat transfer from the end windings to ambient air, thereby effectively enhancing their cooling capability and addressing the localized overheating issue. Firstly, a motor topology with an HP-based end-winding cooling structure is proposed. Then, a motor thermal model is established and compared with a reference model without HPs to evaluate the cooling effectiveness of the proposed cooling structure. The comparative results demonstrate improved thermal performance of the end windings, characterized by a significantly reduced winding hotspot temperature and a more uniform temperature distribution.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Pages	88-93
Number of pages	6
ISBN (Electronic)	9798331542979
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/CIEEC64805.2025.11116341
Publication status	Published - 2025
Event	8th IEEE International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025 - Changsha, China Duration: 16 May 2025 → 18 May 2025

Publication series

Name	2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025

Conference

Conference	8th IEEE International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025
Country/Territory	China
City	Changsha
Period	16/05/25 → 18/05/25

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Free Keywords

EVTOL propulsion motor
comparitive thermal analysis
formed Litz windings
heat pipes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Biomaterials
Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Polymers and Plastics

Access to Document

10.1109/CIEEC64805.2025.11116341

Cite this

Zhao, H., Du, D., Zhang, X., Zhang, X., Li, J., Liu, K., Zhang, W., & Zhang, H. (2025). An Enhanced Endwinding Cooling Configuration Using Heat Pipes for An EVTOL Propulsion Motor. In 2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025 (pp. 88-93). (2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/CIEEC64805.2025.11116341

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title = "An Enhanced Endwinding Cooling Configuration Using Heat Pipes for An EVTOL Propulsion Motor",

abstract = "This article presents a propulsion motor featuring an enhanced end-winding cooling configuration using heat pipes (HPs) for electric Vertical Take-off and Landing (eVTOL) propulsion applications. HPs are employed to facilitate efficient heat transfer from the end windings to ambient air, thereby effectively enhancing their cooling capability and addressing the localized overheating issue. Firstly, a motor topology with an HP-based end-winding cooling structure is proposed. Then, a motor thermal model is established and compared with a reference model without HPs to evaluate the cooling effectiveness of the proposed cooling structure. The comparative results demonstrate improved thermal performance of the end windings, characterized by a significantly reduced winding hotspot temperature and a more uniform temperature distribution.",

keywords = "EVTOL propulsion motor, comparitive thermal analysis, formed Litz windings, heat pipes",

author = "Han Zhao and Dalin Du and Xiang Zhang and Xiaochen Zhang and Jing Li and Kaihao Liu and Wei Zhang and He Zhang",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.; 8th IEEE International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025 ; Conference date: 16-05-2025 Through 18-05-2025",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/CIEEC64805.2025.11116341",

language = "English",

series = "2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

pages = "88--93",

booktitle = "2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025",

address = "United States",

}

Zhao, H, Du, D, Zhang, X, Zhang, X, Li, J, Liu, K, Zhang, W & Zhang, H 2025, An Enhanced Endwinding Cooling Configuration Using Heat Pipes for An EVTOL Propulsion Motor. in 2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025. 2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., pp. 88-93, 8th IEEE International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025, Changsha, China, 16/05/25. https://doi.org/10.1109/CIEEC64805.2025.11116341

An Enhanced Endwinding Cooling Configuration Using Heat Pipes for An EVTOL Propulsion Motor. / Zhao, Han; Du, Dalin; Zhang, Xiang et al.
2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. p. 88-93 (2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - An Enhanced Endwinding Cooling Configuration Using Heat Pipes for An EVTOL Propulsion Motor

AU - Zhao, Han

AU - Du, Dalin

AU - Zhang, Xiang

AU - Zhang, Xiaochen

AU - Li, Jing

AU - Liu, Kaihao

AU - Zhang, Wei

AU - Zhang, He

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - This article presents a propulsion motor featuring an enhanced end-winding cooling configuration using heat pipes (HPs) for electric Vertical Take-off and Landing (eVTOL) propulsion applications. HPs are employed to facilitate efficient heat transfer from the end windings to ambient air, thereby effectively enhancing their cooling capability and addressing the localized overheating issue. Firstly, a motor topology with an HP-based end-winding cooling structure is proposed. Then, a motor thermal model is established and compared with a reference model without HPs to evaluate the cooling effectiveness of the proposed cooling structure. The comparative results demonstrate improved thermal performance of the end windings, characterized by a significantly reduced winding hotspot temperature and a more uniform temperature distribution.

AB - This article presents a propulsion motor featuring an enhanced end-winding cooling configuration using heat pipes (HPs) for electric Vertical Take-off and Landing (eVTOL) propulsion applications. HPs are employed to facilitate efficient heat transfer from the end windings to ambient air, thereby effectively enhancing their cooling capability and addressing the localized overheating issue. Firstly, a motor topology with an HP-based end-winding cooling structure is proposed. Then, a motor thermal model is established and compared with a reference model without HPs to evaluate the cooling effectiveness of the proposed cooling structure. The comparative results demonstrate improved thermal performance of the end windings, characterized by a significantly reduced winding hotspot temperature and a more uniform temperature distribution.

KW - EVTOL propulsion motor

KW - comparitive thermal analysis

KW - formed Litz windings

KW - heat pipes

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105015642026

U2 - 10.1109/CIEEC64805.2025.11116341

DO - 10.1109/CIEEC64805.2025.11116341

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105015642026

T3 - 2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025

SP - 88

EP - 93

BT - 2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025

PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

T2 - 8th IEEE International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025

Y2 - 16 May 2025 through 18 May 2025

ER -

Zhao H, Du D, Zhang X, Zhang X, Li J, Liu K et al. An Enhanced Endwinding Cooling Configuration Using Heat Pipes for An EVTOL Propulsion Motor. In 2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2025. p. 88-93. (2025 IEEE 8th International Electrical and Energy Conference, CIEEC 2025). doi: 10.1109/CIEEC64805.2025.11116341

An Enhanced Endwinding Cooling Configuration Using Heat Pipes for An EVTOL Propulsion Motor

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

UN SDGs

Free Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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